bareett



v (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet; 1.

J. BARRETT.

JACK.

No. 527,102. Patented Oct. 9, 1894.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. BARRETT; JACK No. 527,102. Patented Oct. 9, 1894.

fie Model.) 3Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. BARRETT.

JAGK.

No. 527,102. Patented Oct. 9, 1894.

an IWIIIIIIIIIHNHI UNITED- STATES JOSIAH BARRETT, OF ALLEGHENY,

PATENT QFFICE'.

,PnnnsY vAmA, ASSIGNOR TO THE DUFF MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF E E,

,JACK.

SPEO'IFICATIJON forming part] of Letters Patent No. 527,102, dated October 9,1894.

Application filed January 9. 1894. Serial No. 196,228, N9 model) To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known" that I, JOSIAH BARRETT, a resident of Allegheny, in the county of Alleghen y. and State .of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new. and useful Improvement in Jacks; and

' .I' do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, andexactdescription thereof.

My invention relates to jacking mechanism, its object being to improve jacking mechanism incertain particulars, and some parts of the invention being more especially thoughnot exclusively applicable to what may be .termed oil well jacks, namely, the tools employed for operating upon the wrenches grasping the oil well tools to turn the same in screwing or unscrewing the joints thereof. The invention is to be understood, however,

' as applying broadly to any power mechanism in which a step by step movement back and forth is obtained whether the same operates horizontally, vertically, on a curve,'or in'other direction.

The main object of the invention is to provide mechanism to operate in connection with the pawls of the jacking mechanism so as to provide for 'a backward movement byconnections made directly to the pawlsand op erating thereon by a'drawing as distinguished from a pushing strain, the jacking mechanism heretofore devised by me for this purpose operating bya pushing or forcing action, and therefore requiring a much stronger and heavier construction.

Has

bar, and so operating to provide for the backward movement of. the jacking mechanism.

It also consists in connecting the links tothe pawls by what may he termed a slotted connection which permits of the movement of the pawls without the movement of the links in the forward movement of the jack ing mechanism.

It also consists in combining with the pawl having a rigid finger thereon, of asprlng carrying plate adjustable. in two positions and held rigid in the backward jacking operation,- and a spring carried by the plate and acting; through the rigid pawl finger to raise and hold the pawl from the rack. It also consists in certain other impr'ovements in the method of supporting and applying the power to the yielding links and 1 adjusting them soflas to permit of the forward movement orprovide for the backward movement of the jacking mechanism; supporting the frame upon the toothed barwhen employed for oil well jacks, andfsustaining the strain of the tools; and lifting the pawls from engagement with the toothed'bar to permit the rapidbackward movement of the frame, all of which will be more particularly hereinafter set forth and claimed.

, To enable others skilled in the art to'make and use myinvention, I will describe the same more fully, referring tothe accompanying drawings, in which! Figure 1 is a topor plan viewof an oil well jack embodying. the invention. side view with the face plate removed, illustra ting one means of supporting the yielding links, showing the same in one reversing position. Fig. 3 is a like view showing the same in another reversing'position. Fig. 4 is a view of the same apparatus showing the same in a posit-ionforforward movement. Fig. 5 is a like view showing another form of apparatus-for controlling the yielding links, show-- ing the same in the reversing position. Fig;

illustrating the same in position for moving forward. Fig. 7 is a view illustrating mechanism for withdrawing the pawls for quick backward movement of the frame.- Fig. 8 'is a cross' section on the line 8-8 Fig. 2 to illustrate the method of sustaining the carriage of the oil well jack against the strain of the wrench; and Fig. 9 illustrates another form embodying part of my improvements.

Like'letters of reference indicate like parts in each of the views.

The'invention is illustrated in connection with an oil well jack, the toothed bar A be: ing formed on a curve, and the frame B beingmounted to travel on this toothed bar, or rack, as it is more generally termed,the rack being Fig. -2 is a 75 5 v6 is a view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 5-

IOO

ing through flanges, as at a, and having a pin a at one end against which one of the oil well wrenches, such as the wrench C, is placed,

while the other wrench C fits against the bearing face b and rests on the support b' of the frame or carriage B, so that the. jack operates to push against this wrench and cause thescrewing up or unscrewing of the joint in the oil well tools, one wrench holding one section and the other the other, and in screwing up the power of the jack being operated to screw the parts firmly together. The particular reversing mechanism hereinafter described when applied to this form of jack is employed to permit the yielding or backward movement of -the carriage against the strain of the wrenches after the joint of the oil well tool has been screwed tight, it being necessary to haveaslo'w or yielding movement of the carriage to free the tremendous strain brought upon the wrenches,

The general construction of the rack A and' frame-B is old, though certain improvements in the same are embodied in the present application, as hereinafter described. For example,as a minorimprovementthe construction especially illustratedin Fig. 8 is employed. To hold. the carriage}! upon the rack A the'rack'is T-shaped in cross section, the teeth being cut in the T-shaped head a? thereof in which the teeth are formed, andv the carriage or frame B has the inwardly extending flanges b b which fit around such head and hold the carriage upon the frame. It is found, however, that, as these parts necessarily tit-loosely, when the carriage is being moved forward against the strain of the moving wrench C, the pressure ofthat Wrench is,

so great as to cant the carriage to one side, the result of which is that the pawls mountedin the carriage donot engage with the teeth of the rack for the full-width thereof, but only press against one edge, and the full strength of the rack and pawls is therefore not obtained I for sustaining the strain brought 'upon these parts. It is necessary, however, that the carriage shall move freely on the'rack, as the parts are made of malleable iron in which there is considerable variation on account of the treatment after casting, 'and the parts are necessarily subjected to heavy wear, and if they fitted closely any slight blow might drive the flanges of the carriage out of shape so that they would not fit around the rack, while as the tools are usually employed inout-of-theway places it is difficult to have them repaired, and difiicult to employ an old rack with a new frame. For this purpose I construct the flanges of the carriage ditferent from those heretofore employed, and more particularly illustrated in the sectional view Fig. 8. The inner flange b is raised'above-the outer flange 12 so that the inner flange lb bears against the lower surface a of the head a. of the rack, while the lower surface of the flange b bears upon the top surface a of the base or support flanges a extend by which the rack is secured to the derrick floor. When the strain is brought upon the jack its inner flange bwill a, while the outer flange b will be forced against the'base a of the rack, and so sustain the jack against the twisting strain to which it issuhject-ed by the pressure of the wrench C, which, as shown in the drawings, does not apply the pressure directly upon thehead but at an angle thereto. It is foundthat by so constructing the flanges the carriage can be held in a proper and vertical position with relation tothe toothed rack, so that the pawls rack teeth. When, however, the pressure is removed from the jack, the'inner edge thereof other parts of the carriage do'not fit the rack head closely, the carriage moves loosely upon the rack.

he operative mechanism for operating the jackis preferably constructed as follows: The jack has the operating lever D which is mounted in the carriage B by meansofia shaft or fulcrum pin (1 passing through the leverD and fitting in bearings d of the carriage. Extending out from this operating lever are the two pawls e f which engage with the rack A, these pawls being pivoted to the lever D. on opposite sides of its pin d, so that .as the lever swingsv in one direction it will force oue'pawl forward and draw the other pawl back, so, in the forward movement of thejack,

such as shown in Fig. 4, operating to force the inner pawl e forward while the outer pawl f slides over the teeth; and when the lever D is moved in the opposite direction the pawl e to take another hold. The general construction of the above parts is the salneas in former jacks and need not be described,

tion being the hand or operating levecD, which in the ordinary oil well jack has-a holing a heavy. power to the jack. It is found that when these jacks are exposed to the weather wateris liable 'to collect in this hollow of the handle and to freeze therein, so leading in some cases to the cracking of the handle, or at least filling the hollow seat d and renderingthe jack useless until melted out. To prevent this I form in the base of the hollow seat (1 one or more drip holes d through which the water may drip, so insuring that the hollow seat will always remain clear. Upon the pawl e is the rigid finger or bolt e confining the link E thereon, and upon the pawl f is the rigid finger or holtf' confining the link F thereon. These links E F are what might be termed yielding, so that under certain circumstances, such as in the backward movement of the jack, they will yield or be drawn back with the pawls and so compress the spring or other power contherefore press against the base of the head can fall away from the head a, and as the forcing the pawl f forward and drawihg back.-

low seat d to receive the hand bar for applya of the rack, from which base or support the engage therewith for the entire width of the the only part of these parts needing descrip- I trolling the links,"so that as soon as the pawl .is disengaged from" the teeth or free to be drawn therefrom, the powerstored in the link will act to raise the pawl from the rack, sucn action'providing for the reversal or backward movement of. the jacking mech anism, and the 'link will then hold the pawl out 'of engagement with the toothed her until thh pawl is movedoforward and carried over the rackto.

engage with a tooth in front'ofthe one with which-it had been engaged. It will thus be 'seen that a drawing strain is employed for the lifting of the pawls in the reversal ofthe ing'strain, as shown in prior patents granted to me. Thelinks may either be formed in,

onev piece, as shown in Fig. 2, or of a; chain or series of links, as shown in Fig 6. The

method of moving orcontrolling these yielding links can ofcour'sebe' varied, though the 'form of apparatus for this purpose shown in Figs. 2, 3 and i is preferred by me,.and I will now describe the same. Mounted in the jack frame is the lever g which carries at its for ward end the swinging block h, that block being pivoted tothe lever g and the block supporting the spring t: which is connected to the links E F, and by which the yielding or resilient action of said links is obtained. The spring iis coiled around a center pin h and extends out on each side thereofihaving there for the arms 01' a? connected to the-links E F.

'thepawl will be permitted to drop "into en= respectively, and the block hhas thereon the pins k h which act as stops for the backward movement of the links." The block h is mounted upon the lever g and has the arm h which extends out between the lugs-g g on the lever g, the block hswinging on the lever for the spacebetween said lugs. On the carriage. B are two lugs m m which act.to confine' the block h, the block swingin g between said lugs as hereinafter described. 'lohold theleverin the position shown in Figs,'. 2 and 3 a foot trip'or other stop is employed, such asshown at l, which: is mounted in .the carriage and 'presses'against the outeren'd of the lever g,

the'action of them-being that the lever is drawn so that'itstands in substantially a vertical position when the jack is "used horizontally, in" which case thearm h of the block h bears against the lug g on the leverg and against the lug m on-the carriage, and isthus held rigid, the result being that the block h isdrawn into such position that the tension is thrown upon the spring 21, which then acts to give the'backward movement to the jacking mechanism.,. That movement'is ac eoinplished in practicallythe following" Way. The links E if when formed in one piece have what may be termed a sliding connection with the pa'wls ef, the link E having the slot e through which 'LhODOll; e passes, the iink 13 having tlita'slo't fthrough which the .pin f passes. 'lfhesesliding connectionsare'preferably made with the 'pawis, though the same resultconld .be accomplished by their connection to the spring. -W-hen the jack is to be moved in a backward direction, and, thelever g and supporting --block h are held in the position shown in Figs. 2 and'3, and the operating or hand leveris reciprocated on its couplingpin, and as it moves forward in the direction indicated in Fig. 2 the pawl e will 7 engage with the rack, while the pawl f will be held above the same, the carriage be'ingthus moved backwardas the hand lever is swung, forward, and the hand lever in this Way mov-' ing the pawlf forward lwithit until the spring arm 1? comes against thestop h of the block h, when as the pawl moves forward; furt'her its finger f slidesin the slotfi, and the pawl is free to be lowered and to engage with the rack. andsnpport the strain While 'this operationhas been going on the backward movement of the pawl e, has drawn with it the yieldinglinkE and so compressed the arm'v/of the spring, and this continues until the pawl'f takes the load and leaves the pawl efre'eto belifted from the rack, when the yielding link -E raises the pawl from the rack, bringing the parts to the po-. sition shown in Fig. 3. The parts are now in position for the backward movement of the 5 carriagewheh the pawlv f is sustaining the strain, and the hand lever Dfis swung in the direction shown-by thearrow, andjthe link E will hold the pawl eabove the rack until that pawl is moved forward-to such a distance that 1 co the spring 'istrikes against the stop h, when gagement with the'rack and sustain the pressure. Meanwhile the pawl f has been drawn backward, carrying with it the link F, :03 compressing the spring arm i and'as soon as the 'pawl e takes the load the yielding link F will raise the pawl f from the rack. It

vwill thus be seen that the pawls are lifted by. a drawing strain, which is much more effino cient forthe purpose, because, first, a more durable and a li'ghter' machine may be obtained, the st'rain for drawing-being much less than the strain for pushing as there is a straight pull on the link and the only part re-' 1 15 quired to yield to orsustain the strain is'thespringrand, second,by supporting the yielding links forwardpfihe pawls the drawing strainvcan, lift the"pawls' to a considerable .height' above therack bar with-but a. short no movement of the links,'it beingunderstood that as soon as the pawlsare freed from the rack a strain"pa"rtial ly in the direction of their length is applied, which, on the principle of the straightening ou'tof an angle, gives 1 e a considerable upward movement in' ashort longitudinal movement, it being-found that in this way the pawls can beheld at? such "distance above the rack bar-thatthere is no liability of their catching thereon in their movement'above the rack.

In the forward movement of the ack it is only'necessary to leave the pawls'free to perform their usual functions, and for thatpurpose, as shown in Fig. 4, the operator simply raises the outer end of the foot'trip Z, leaving .the upper end of the lever g and the block carried thereon free to swing forward, and as a result the. block h swings forward untilit strikes the lug m and it then 'swingsupon the lever g, carrying the upper end of that lever forward with it until the arm h strikes against the lug g" on the lever, the action-being to move the block forward to such an exthe surfacr thereof to take a fresh hold, and

the forward movement between the rack and frame being thus obtained; and during this movement the fingers e f of said pawls slide in the slots e f of the links, leaving thepawls free to their regular movement and to perform their regular function of lifting or pushing, or the chains hang loosely, permitting a like. movement.

In Figs. -5 and 6 the jackingmechanism is shown where the spring is mounted directly upon the carriageB and=is left free when the jack is operated in a backward direction, such as where it is yielding against the load, and

Y is compressed when the jack is moving forward so as to lift or force against the'load, the parts employed being practicallyas follows The pawls and links arethe same. The spring has thearms p p 'connected to the links E respectively,the backward movement of the i springs being confined by the lugs p p on the carriage; and as a result the links operate in the same-manner as'abovedescribed, in the backward movement of-the jack, ,being .left, free to so operate, and the springs being confined by the lugs p 1)? on thecarriager In line ,with the springs is the lever having the arms r 1" extending out therefrom in line with-the spring arms p p, and-when the leverr is forced forward it presses on the spring arms 2' p and holds the spring a ainst its regular-action (as shown in Fig. 6 so that the p'awls will be free to lift or push against the lead, their fingers e' f sliding in the slots 0" F of the links E F, as above described. This ever 0* may be controlled in any suitableway,"such, forexample, as by the trips, which acts'when pressed down to force forward the lever, or, as'shown i-n dotted lines, by an army)"- extendingup from the lever, to which is pivoted a latch 8 having a lug a at the forward end thereof, the lug being adapted to fit in a seat a on the top of the carriage. To free the lever r it would then be necessary either to move the foot trip sor to lift'the latch 8', either of which can be done by the foot of the operator. r As involving the principle of the springcarrying plate adjustable in two diiferent .po-

sitions for the forward or advance movement of the jack and the backward movement thereof, Ihave illustrated in Fig. 9 another form of the invention in which the springs carried by the plate act to hold the pawls from claims hereinafter made being broad enough to cover either thepnshing or'the pulling action of the springs. Theplato or block t is shown as mounted on therjack frame and as centric ortrip t, which acts positively in one the plate 25, I pivot on the block the lugs or fingerstt which contact .with the rigid fingers e f,- respectively, while the spring t holds the fingers of the pawls, the plate 25 itself being held rigidlyin place but the lugs t tyielding as the respective" pawls are drawn backwardl'y, and when the pawls are free from the so as to obtain the backward movement. 'By the turning'of the eccentric the-plate t is loaving'the pawls free to move in raising or forcing the load. It will be seen that this con- 'struction involves the idea of thespringcarrying plate. adjustable in two positions and rigid when in its operative positionand the spring connection from it to the pawls.

gagement with the toothed bar, such ample, as in sliding the carriage on the rack, in oil well racks, and for'thislpnrpose I have provided the chain connection shown in Fig. 7, achaih or flexible wire u being connected to the lower pawl e, as at u, and connected at its other end to the lever u pivoted at u. to the hand lever D. This leveru is anordinary stirrup handle which can be grasped tolift or pull the frame or carriage, and it hangs down inthe position shown in full lines in Fig.7 so leaving the chain looseso that it does. not in anyway interfere with the operation of the jack, but when the operator lifts the stirrupru he draws the chain taut, and the pawl c strikes against the pawl f, and the .chainfthus acts to lift both the-pawls e and f fslid; along the rack withontrits moved into the different positions by the ecdirection,- permitting it to drop away from the and (pro'vide'fcr the use of a single spring on.

brought to'its other or inoperative position,

"it is very desirable to have a means for quickiy and easily raising the pawls frnn en- :out of the rack, so that the carriage B may be p ens e be very eflicient and to have the advantages" over the old forms of jack'ing vmechanism above indicated of strength and lightnessand especially of lifting the-pawls to such distance the rack by a pushing st-rain, some of the the lugs t t with a yielding pressure against I load lifting and holding them from the rack ran above the rack as to insure their being carrled along without contact therewith until they are to be lowered into the same, and accomplishing this'with but a slight movementv of the spr1ng,as the actual longitudinal movement of the pawls with relation to the rack is what gives the necessary movement, the backward or forwardmovements of the pawls compressing the springs to give the necessary re sil ency thereto to lift the pawls from the rack. It is to beunderstood that the mechanism can be applied to jacks having only one operating pawl and perform substan tiallythe same funct on therewith. 5 WhatIclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of a, toothed bar, a frame, an operating lever mounted in the frame, a pawl carried by the lever, and a yield- :0. ing link connected to the pawl and so sup.-

ported by the frame as to be compressed on the backward movement of the pawl, and to draw the pawl from the toothed bar when freed therefrom, substantially as set forth.

.2. The combination of a toothed .bar, a frame, an operating lever mounted in the frame, a pawl carried by the lever and. engagingwith the toothed bar, a yielding link connected to the pawl and connected at the 39 Opposite end to a spring and'actingto' draw the pawl from the toothed bar, substantially as set forth. i

3. The combination "of a toothed bar, a frame, an operating lever mounted in the 5 5 frame, two pawls carried by the lever and engaging withthe toothed bar, a spring, and links connecting the two \free ends of the sprlng to the pawls and acting to draw the pawls from the toothed bar, substantially as 4 set forth.

4. The combination'of a toothed 'bar,-a frame, an operating lever mounted in the frame,,a pawl carried by the lever and engaging with the toothed bar, ends. yielding 5' link having aslotat the end fitting over a finger on the pawl and so mounted as to draw 1t from the toothed bar, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a toothed bar, a

frame, an operating lever monntcdin the 4 frame, a pawl carried by the lever and engagmg with a' toothed bar and having a rigid finger thereon, a spring carryingblock movable to and from the pawl and held rigid in 5 5 its operative position, and a spring carried by the block' and acting through'the rigid palwl finger to draw'the pawl from the rack,

' 14. The combination of a toothed bar, a

substantially as set forth.

a 6. The combination of a toothed bar, a .60 frame, an operatingilever mounted in the frame, a pawl carried by the lever and engagin g with the toothed bar; an adjustable block and a yielding connection betweenthe adustable block and the pawl, acting to with-' draw the pawlfro'm the toothed bar,subst antially as set forth.

7.The combination of a toothed bar,.a

frame, an operating levee-apawlcarried by the lever and engaging with'the toothed bar, a spring, a link connected tothe springand the pawl and acting to withdraw the-pawl from the toothed bar, and a lever controlling the position of the spring so as to provide for the automatic forward and backward vmovement 0. the mechanism, substantially as set forth.

' 8. The combination bf a toothed bar,.a frame, an operating lever mounted in the frame, two pawls carried by the lever. engagiu'gwith a toothed bar, a spring having two free ends, links connected to saidfree ends and to the pawls, and a lever controlling'the position of the free ends of the springs so as to provide for the forward and backward movement of the mechanism, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a toothed bar, a frame, an operating lever mounted in the frame, a pawl carried by the lever engaging with the toothed bar, a spring having its backward movement controlled by a stop, and alink connecting said spring and the pawl, substantially asset forth.

10. The combination of a toothed bar, a.

gaging with the toothed bar, a spring having its backward movement controlled by astop,

a link connecting said spring and the pawl, and a lever controlling the positions of the spring'so as to provide for the forward or backward movement of the mechanism, substantially as set forth.

11,.The com'bination of a to othed. bar, a frame, an operating lever mounted in the frame, a pawl carried by the lever and having a rigid finger thereon, a movable block carrying a spring-and a stop for controlling the movement of the spring, said spring carried by the block acting through the rigid finger to raise and hold the pawl from the rack, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of a toothed bar, a frame, anoperating lover, a pawlcarried by the lever','a movable block carrying a spring and having a stop thereon for controlling the movement of the spring, and a link conncting the spring and the pawl, substantially as 1 set forth.

13. The combination of a toothed bar, a

frame, an operating lever carrying the pawl,

a lever having a block mounted thereon carryiug a spring, auda, link connecting said spring to the pawhsubstantiallyas set forth.

frame, an operating lever, a pawl carried by the lever, a lever having a block mounted thereonand' having a stop for controlling the a pawl,'a spring and a link connecting the spring to the pawl, a lever controlling the position of the spring, and a trip controlling the position of the leyer, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination of a toothed bar,'a

frame, a lever monn-tedtherein carrying apawLa lever carrying a block having a'spring mounted thereon, a link connecting said spring with the pawl, and stops on the lever carrying the block and on the jack frame for controlling the' position of the block, substantially as sch-forth. t

17. The combination of a toothed bar, a frame," an operating lever mounted therein 1 and carryinga pawl, the lever ghaving the stops g 9 the block h mounted on the lever and having a tongue engaging with said stops, the stops m m on the frame,'aspring on the block, and a-link connecting said spring with the pawl, substantially as set forth.

18. The combination of a rack having a;

base plate, and a T-s'haped head provided with -teeth,-and a frame fitting over the T- shaped head and having flanges-extending under the same, one flange being adapted to bear upon the under surface of the be ad and r the other flange being adapted to be .rtupon the upper face of the base plate, subst: tnt ially, as set forth. l

19. The combination of a horizontal stationary toothed oar, a frame slidingthereon,

an operating lever mounted in the frame and carrying a pawl engaging with the toothed 35 BARRETT; have hereunto set my hand.

J OSI AI-L BARRETT.

Witnesses: I

J. N. COQKE,

RoB'r. D TOTTEN. 

